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Put your options side by side. Explore residence routes, health cover, tax and registration — with the sources behind each fact.

At a glance	PT Portugal	ES Spain
Currency	Euro (EUR)1 checked 15 October 2026	Euro (EUR)1 checked 15 October 2026
Time zone	Mainland and Madeira: UTC+0 (summer UTC+1); Azores: UTC−1 (summer UTC+0)1 checked 15 October 2026	Mainland and Balearic Islands: UTC+1 (summer UTC+2); Canary Islands: UTC+0 (summer UTC+1)1 checked 15 October 2026
Official language	Portuguese1 checked 15 October 2026	Spanish (Castilian); other Spanish languages are co-official in their autonomous communities1 checked 15 October 2026
Remote-work route	€3,680 per month12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	€2,849 per month (€34,188 per year)123 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide
Retirement / passive-income route	€920 per month12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	€2,400 per month (€28,800 per year); +€600 per month per family member12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide
Health insurance on the long-stay route	Travel insurance covering necessary medical expenses, urgent medical assistance and possible repatriation12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	Public or private sickness insurance with an insurer authorised to operate in Spain1 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide
Tax residency rule	More than 183 days in any 12-month period starting or ending in the tax year, or a home held as habitual residence1 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	More than 183 days in Spain in the calendar year, or main centre of economic interests in Spain1 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide
Special tax regime	20%1 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	24% up to €600,000; 47% above12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide
Registration / ID	Any person, Portuguese or foreign, resident or non-resident12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide	Personal, unique and exclusive identification number for foreigners12 checked 15 October 2026Read the guide